Industrial production down by 2.0% in both the euro area and the EU

Overview

In September 2024, compared with August 2024, seasonally adjusted industrial production decreased by 2.0% in both the euro area and the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In August 2024, industrial production grew by 1.5% in the euro area and by 1.2% in the EU.

In September 2024, compared with September 2023, industrial production decreased by 2.8% the euro area and by 2.4% in the EU.

Monthly comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State

In the euro area in September 2024 compared with August 2024, industrial production

remained stable for intermediate goods,
decreased by 1.5% for energy,
decreased by 3.8% for capital goods,
increased by 0.5% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 1.6% for non-durable consumer goods.

In the EU, industrial production

decreased by 0.1% for intermediate goods,
decreased by 1.6% for energy,
decreased by 3.2% for capital goods,
increased by 0.3% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 0.5% for non-durable consumer goods.

The largest monthly decreases were recorded in Ireland (-10.7%), Denmark (-5.0%) and the Netherlands (-2.9%). The highest increases were observed in Croatia (+5.8%), Portugal (+2.7%) and Slovenia (+1.6%).

Annual comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State

In the euro area in September 2024, compared with September 2023, industrial production

decreased by 2.6% for intermediate goods,
increased by 1.9% for energy,
decreased by 6.4% for capital goods,
decreased by 1.7% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 4.8% for non-durable consumer goods.

In the EU, industrial production

decreased by 2.5% for intermediate goods,
increased by 1.4% for energy,
decreased by 5.6% for capital goods,
decreased by 1.5% for durable consumer goods,
increased by 4.5% for non-durable consumer goods.

The largest annual decreases were recorded in Ireland (-7.3%), Luxembourg (-6.3%) and Hungary (-5.3%). The highest increases were observed in Denmark (+7.8%), Belgium (+6.0%) and Lithuania (+3.5%).

Tables

Industrial production
% change compared with previous month*
	2024
	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep
Euro area
Total industry	-0.2	-0.9	0.1	-0.3	1.5	-2.0
Intermediate goods	-0.4	-0.9	0.7	-1.5	-0.3	0.0
Energy	-0.2	0.6	1.7	0.0	0.3	-1.5
Capital goods	0.2	-2.7	0.8	-1.0	3.8	-3.8
Durable consumer goods	0.1	-3.0	3.9	-3.1	1.9	0.5
Non-durable consumer goods	3.4	1.9	-2.2	1.6	0.2	1.6
EU
Total industry	0.4	-1.2	0.2	-0.1	1.2	-2.0
Intermediate goods	-0.3	-1.0	0.7	-1.4	-0.2	-0.1
Energy	-0.1	0.3	1.3	-0.1	0.3	-1.6
Capital goods	0.0	-2.6	0.8	-1.2	3.7	-3.2
Durable consumer goods	0.6	-3.0	3.3	-2.6	1.5	0.3
Non-durable consumer goods	3.9	1.0	-1.5	2.1	-0.4	0.5

Industrial production
% change compared with previous month*
	2024
	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep
Euro area	-0.2	-0.9	0.1	-0.3	1.5	-2.0
EU	0.4	-1.2	0.2	-0.1	1.2	-2.0
Belgium	-0.8	1.9	-6.9	6.4	0.3	0.4
Bulgaria	3.1	-2.5	0.1	0.6	0.9	1.2
Czechia	0.7	-2.4	0.8	-0.8	1.8	-1.1
Denmark	10.5	-6.0	1.1	7.2	-3.8	-5.0
Germany	0.3	-3.2	2.0	-3.3	3.2	-2.7
Estonia	-1.4	3.5	-3.4	-4.8	1.7	1.0
Ireland**	-3.1	5.5	-6.5	8.6	3.0	-10.7
Greece	7.6	-3.1	1.6	1.8	-4.3	-2.5
Spain	-0.2	-0.1	0.3	-0.6	-0.5	0.9
France	0.7	-2.2	0.8	0.3	1.1	-0.9
Croatia	0.2	1.5	-2.4	6.3	-4.6	5.8
Italy	-1.0	0.5	0.4	-0.9	0.0	-0.4
Cyprus	-1.5	0.7	1.5	-1.6	0.1	1.0
Latvia	-4.9	3.4	-2.4	1.3	1.2	-1.3
Lithuania	3.9	-1.1	-1.9	1.3	3.0	-0.2
Luxembourg	-0.1	-0.5	-1.7	0.2	-6.2	-1.1
Hungary	-0.7	-1.2	0.5	0.0	-0.5	-0.7
Malta	0.6	0.2	0.4	-5.3	2.5	1.0
Netherlands	0.4	-0.2	0.4	-1.0	2.1	-2.9
Austria	0.6	-1.8	1.1	0.5	-0.2	0.7
Poland	6.7	-2.6	1.2	-0.4	-0.8	-0.5
Portugal	-2.1	-3.0	-3.7	-0.4	-0.1	2.7
Romania	-1.8	-6.2	3.8	-3.2	1.3	0.0
Slovenia	1.3	-3.5	4.1	-2.7	-0.2	1.6
Slovakia	3.5	-1.5	2.1	-2.9	1.5	1.3
Finland	0.5	1.0	3.7	1.8	-1.1	-1.1
Sweden	-2.9	1.4	-1.3	0.8	1.5	0.9
Norway	-0.1	0.5	7.3	-5.0	-1.8	-11.4
Switzerland	3.3	1.1	-0.6	:	:	:

Industrial production
% change compared with same month of the previous year*
	2024
	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep
Euro area
Total industry	-3.4	-3.6	-4.2	-2.1	-0.1	-2.8
Intermediate goods	-2.3	-3.4	-1.6	-3.0	-3.1	-2.6
Energy	-2.3	0.2	2.0	1.1	2.6	1.9
Capital goods	-5.4	-7.7	-8.4	-4.3	0.4	-6.4
Durable consumer goods	-3.2	-5.2	-2.5	-4.7	-5.1	-1.7
Non-durable consumer goods	0.1	2.3	0.3	2.0	1.7	4.8
EU
Total industry	-2.3	-3.2	-3.5	-1.5	0.1	-2.4
Intermediate goods	-2.1	-3.3	-1.4	-3.0	-2.7	-2.5
Energy	-1.6	0.8	2.3	1.4	2.4	1.4
Capital goods	-5.0	-7.3	-7.7	-4.5	0.4	-5.6
Durable consumer goods	-2.3	-5.1	-2.3	-4.1	-4.2	-1.5
Non-durable consumer goods	2.4	2.9	1.0	3.9	3.0	4.5

Industrial production
% change compared with same month of the previous year*
	2024
	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep
Euro area	-3.4	-3.6	-4.2	-2.1	-0.1	-2.8
EU	-2.3	-3.2	-3.5	-1.5	0.1	-2.4
Belgium	0.1	-0.8	-5.4	0.1	4.5	6.0
Bulgaria	-0.4	-4.9	-4.9	-2.6	-3.0	1.0
Czechia	-0.1	-3.2	-3.3	-1.9	1.5	0.9
Denmark	18.6	8.1	3.2	20.7	14.7	7.8
Germany	-3.9	-7.5	-3.9	-5.9	-2.8	-4.5
Estonia	-4.8	-1.5	-3.2	-5.8	-6.0	-1.6
Ireland	-15.9	6.5	-19.8	10.0	16.3	-7.3
Greece	12.4	7.0	9.8	10.1	3.3	2.4
Spain	-0.3	-0.3	0.4	-0.9	-1.5	0.6
France	1.6	-3.1	-1.3	-1.2	0.9	-0.7
Croatia	-2.1	-3.3	-8.2	1.6	-2.1	1.0
Italy	-3.0	-3.3	-2.6	-3.3	-3.2	-4.0
Cyprus	3.7	3.2	6.8	2.4	2.7	2.8
Latvia	-7.9	-0.5	-5.5	1.7	0.6	-2.0
Lithuania	2.3	5.0	0.6	5.4	5.0	3.5
Luxembourg	1.1	0.2	-1.9	-1.7	-10.2	-6.3
Hungary	-2.3	-5.0	-3.8	-6.5	-4.2	-5.3
Malta	4.5	1.0	6.7	-1.7	1.5	1.3
Netherlands	-1.9	-1.5	-3.5	-3.1	0.9	-2.3
Austria	-3.6	-5.8	-3.6	-2.0	-2.8	-1.6
Poland	4.7	-0.4	1.1	1.3	-0.5	-1.3
Portugal	5.1	1.0	-2.9	-3.0	-1.7	2.5
Romania	3.7	-7.0	0.4	-4.0	-2.0	-3.8
Slovenia	-0.4	-7.6	-1.1	-1.4	6.0	-0.4
Slovakia	4.1	-2.0	-4.2	5.5	0.9	2.5
Finland	-6.4	-6.0	2.7	5.9	2.3	1.1
Sweden	-4.8	-1.9	1.4	-2.5	-1.1	1.4
Norway	3.5	5.9	14.9	10.0	5.9	-0.5
Switzerland	8.1	8.7	5.6	:	:	:

Production indices for total industry, calendar and seasonally adjusted
(base year 2021)
	2024
	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep
Euro area	97.6	96.7	96.8	96.5	97.9	95.9
EU	99.4	98.2	98.4	98.3	99.5	97.5
Belgium	91.2	92.9	86.5	92.0	92.3	92.7
Bulgaria	101.6	99.1	99.2	99.8	100.7	101.9
Czechia	100.8	98.4	99.2	98.4	100.2	99.1
Denmark	139.4	131.0	132.5	142.1	136.7	129.9
Germany	94.8	91.8	93.6	90.5	93.4	90.9
Estonia	85.6	88.6	85.6	81.5	82.9	83.7
Ireland*	100.2	105.7	98.8	107.3	110.5	98.7
Greece	114.5	110.9	112.7	114.7	109.8	107.1
Spain	100.6	100.5	100.8	100.2	99.7	100.6
France	101.3	99.1	99.9	100.2	101.3	100.4
Croatia	96.9	98.4	96.0	102.0	97.3	102.9
Italy	94.4	94.9	95.3	94.4	94.4	94.0
Cyprus	107.3	108.0	109.6	107.8	107.9	109.0
Latvia	91.4	94.5	92.2	93.4	94.5	93.3
Lithuania	107.3	106.1	104.1	105.5	108.7	108.5
Luxembourg	92.3	91.8	90.2	90.4	84.8	83.9
Hungary	97.1	95.9	96.4	96.4	95.9	95.2
Malta	111.5	111.7	112.1	106.2	108.9	110.0
Netherlands	101.0	100.8	101.2	100.2	102.3	99.3
Austria	102.5	100.7	101.8	102.3	102.1	102.8
Poland	112.3	109.4	110.7	110.3	109.4	108.9
Portugal	101.3	98.3	94.7	94.3	94.2	96.7
Romania	101.1	94.8	98.4	95.3	96.5	96.5
Slovenia	95.4	92.1	95.9	93.3	93.1	94.6
Slovakia	99.4	97.9	100.0	97.1	98.6	99.9
Finland	97.6	98.6	102.2	104.0	102.9	101.8
Sweden	99.1	100.5	99.2	100.0	101.5	102.4
Norway	105.0	105.5	113.2	107.5	105.6	93.6
Switzerland	110.8	112.0	111.3	:	:	:

Production indices for total industry, calendar adjusted
(base year 2021)
	2024
	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep
Euro area	96.3	95.3	98.7	97.4	82.3	101.5
EU	98.1	96.9	100.4	97.6	84.9	102.7
Belgium	87.3	92.0	90.7	86.2	84.2	97.4
Bulgaria	98.8	94.8	101.3	103.1	98.6	102.5
Czechia	100.3	99.8	104.2	88.2	93.4	102.5
Denmark	136.0	129.9	133.0	129.8	133.0	132.0
Germany	93.4	89.8	95.3	90.4	86.0	95.2
Estonia	86.0	93.1	85.9	72.5	81.1	86.2
Ireland	98.3	87.3	88.6	105.8	86.2	125.7
Greece	114.2	111.7	117.5	127.9	103.7	108.9
Spain	100.5	105.7	105.9	104.9	77.7	104.2
France	101.0	94.0	103.9	98.5	79.8	101.7
Croatia	96.6	101.5	98.0	109.0	84.6	106.2
Italy	93.1	101.9	99.7	103.8	64.0	99.6
Cyprus	104.4	111.9	116.9	121.6	90.8	115.5
Latvia	88.8	97.5	96.3	93.7	99.6	96.0
Lithuania	103.8	108.8	104.2	101.8	108.4	110.5
Luxembourg	94.8	92.1	92.2	89.1	71.2	85.7
Hungary	95.7	97.1	100.1	95.2	84.7	103.2
Malta	109.7	114.9	117.5	112.5	103.8	115.6
Netherlands	99.4	100.5	104.4	98.5	93.4	100.3
Austria	101.7	99.3	105.2	101.9	90.4	107.1
Poland	111.2	107.8	111.7	105.5	102.2	111.4
Portugal	99.4	101.9	94.9	100.7	79.5	98.3
Romania	99.2	97.7	100.5	96.4	88.0	98.7
Slovenia	95.4	95.8	101.0	93.6	78.2	98.0
Slovakia	100.0	102.8	101.0	88.6	90.7	100.3
Finland	95.5	97.1	103.8	91.5	100.4	105.2
Sweden	99.8	99.8	103.0	78.2	86.7	105.2
Norway	103.5	100.9	102.4	106.4	105.9	81.9
Switzerland	105.7	111.7	117.9	:	:	:

Notes for users

Revisions and timetable

Compared with data issued in the News Release of 15 October 2024, the monthly percentage change for August 2024 has been revised from +1.8% to +1.5% in the euro area and from +1.3% to +1.2% in the EU. The annual percentage change has been revised from +0.1% to -0.1% in the euro area and from +0.2% to +0.1% in the EU.

Methods and definitions

The index of industrial production measures the evolution of the volume of production for industry excluding construction, based on data adjusted for calendar and seasonal effects.

Seasonally adjusted euro area and EU series are calculated by aggregating the seasonally adjusted national data.

Total industry covers NACE rev.2 sections B to D. Missing observations from Member States for recent months are estimated for the calculation of the euro area and the EU aggregates.

Starting with reference period January 2024, the base year of the data has been changed to 2021, since 2018 the base year had been 2015. More information on the reasons for and impact of the base year change can be found in the related Statistics Explained article.

Geographical information

The euro area (EA20) includes Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland.

The European Union (EU27) includes Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden.